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A discipline of programming Edsger W. Dijkstra
Publisher: Prentice Hall, Inc.

The technology itself would be useless if human creativity is not included in its application. Likewise programming is nothing like testing either. As I recently noted, I'm making some shifts in my work so that I can focus more on some of these questions surrounding how do we create learning environments for non-programmers to learn programming. With a few notable exceptions (e.g. So I've been doing TDD with one project, and LP with another project, and I've come to a rather amusing conclusion: Test Driven Development and Literate Programming are the same discipline. Murnane, 1993) most research about the cognitive effects of computer programming seemed to have focused on programming as a problem solving rather than a linguistic activity. If computer languages were To write a decent program, you have to discipline your brain *far* more than you would need with any language (because, let's face it, other people are forgiving but compilers or computers are not). It starts with the premise, from Guido's prior work on ABC, to make a simple but easy to understand language. But it by no means suggests that in order to be a great designer you must also be a great programmer. - Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming by Norvig. If you take a look at his “A Discipline of Programming” (which is admittedly not an easy sit for the general reader) you'll understand he's talking about “correct-by-construction” programming. Instead, game design has emerged as its own distinct discipline. Testing an application, particularly if it is user facing as most of my 3 decades of work has been, is a discipline all by itself. Somewhere in the middle are the true software engineers, who approach computer programming in a disciplined and rigourous knowledge-based manner, similar to that of engineers in other fields. - Smalltalk 80: The Language and Its Implementation by Adele Goldberg. Python has an identity crisis sometimes. Dijkstra made a similar argument on page 56 of his book "A Discipline of Programming", together with another argument in support of the != form. - A Discipline of Programming by Dijkstra.